Compare and contrast two waste disposal schemes

One of the most concerned environmental issues is about how to deal with waste. There are two possible waste disposal schemes, which are zero-waste and land-filling. Both of the two schemes have advantages and disadvantages. First, zero-waste is more environmental than land-filling. Land-filling is the oldest method to deal with waste. However, it still remains the same as before, just simply filling waste into land without any treatment. This will causes pollution near that area, especially land pollution and water pollution which can affect people’s daily life greatly. In contrast, land-filling is more economy than zero waste. According to Joanna, C, one premise of zero-waste is everything we buy and use will be made from materials that can be repaired, reused and recycled. However, this cannot easily reach in many developing countries. It is relatively difficult for those countries to invest in researching such material, and the price of the domestic goods will also increase. For these two schemes, they both have advantages and disadvantages. When choosing which schemes to use, we need to match up with the country’s condition. Like my country china, as a developing country, land-filling is more suitable. Zero-waste products have relative high prices, and most consumers will prefer cheap goods than zero-waste products. And it can hardly form its own market. But for land-filling, China has vast place to fill waste, where have little effects on people’s life. Till now, land-filling is more suitable for China than zero-waste

Climate change is an ethical issue to our generation

The influence of climate change affects greatly in the scale of the whole earth. And climate change has continued happening since the Earth emerged. Scientifically, Climate change is a long-term change in the average weather. For example, ice age is a result of climate change. And the latest ice age happened in some 20 thousand years ago. It is a kind of natural phenomena. However, climate change becomes more and more remarkable in recent years, because of more and more human beings’ activities interfered, especially after the industrial revolution. At this moment, global warming is the one of the climate change issues people concerned much, which happens mostly because of too much the emission of greenhouse gases into atmosphere. In this case, climate change is not only a simply phenomenon any more, but also dues to artificial influence.
According to Broome, science can help human to deal with climate change, it belongs to scientific issues. But what most common people should do is an ethical issue. I strongly agree his opinion. Climate change is an ethical issue to our generation, because it is our responsibility to reduce bad influence of humans’ activities to climate change, and this responsibility comes from humans’ ethical concept without any juristic restriction.
Firstly, no matter what we have done about climate change so far, the influence of climate change cannot affect us very much. For example, even though we have already emitted so much greenhouse gases into atmosphere, global warming can only affect our lives after decades of years. However, most of us may not live till that time. In other word, what will happen is none of our business, but our next generation’s. But from ethical aspect, we cannot let these kinds of things happen. We should not benefit through scarifying the future of our posterity. Imagining that if we still do not limit the emission of greenhouse gases, global warming could become more and more serious. As a result, most of ice will melt, and the sea level will increase. At that time, what the movie waterworld shows us may become into reality.
Secondly, there is not a perfect juristic system to limit the effect of human being to climate change. Till 2005, more than 160 countries have already signed the Kyoto protocol, but America, which is the country that emits greenhouse gas most in the world, still not signed. Why this could happen is because that there are not any laws or treaties to force America to sign it. Another example is littering. Most countries do not have exactly law to prohibit littering. The influence of whether we litter comes from our ethical concept. Singapore as a famous country, which has exactly laws about littering. But the purpose of the laws is to maintain the positive impression of Singapore, but no deal with climate change. So it is decided by our ethical concept that whether we litter or not.
In conclusion, in our generation, climate change is still an ethical issue to most common people. We can choose whether to do some good influence to climate change or not. Although it belongs to ethical issue, we still have the responsibility to leave our prosperity a comfortable climate.

W11T1-Brain-Mapping

Human being is the most intelligent species among all known creatures, because they have an amazing brain. Human’ brain is very complex and elusive, even though, the most intelligent brain ever, Albert Einstein’ brain was just developed a little more than 12 percentages. So brain is always unsearchable. But according to a new research published in journal science, a neural technology let mind reading become possible though detecting brain activities by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). However, brain-mapping still has positive and negative effects.
This technology has many positive effects. First, it is helpful to some people with mental diseases. It can help scientist study mental disorders, alcoholism, aggression or pedophilia, and find efficient methods to cure those patients. Second, it can help justice department in criminal investigation. Usually, a guilty suspect will show recognition in his mind, but an innocent suspect will not. Third, scientist can create a data base of this technology, which will be helpful to study and exploit human’s brain. There are many another useful applications of this technology. On the contrary, brain mapping also has many negative effects. The most important, this technology is still in the experimental stages and not well developed, so sometimes it cannot works. And the data base of the brain-mapping is still not completed. At present, it is impossible to widespread this technology.
Brain-mapping technology has many negative effects, especially some unethical abuses; we can predict and overcome these potential effects. First, a standard of how to use this technology legally and ethically should be set. It is necessary to protect people’s privacy. And we should also determine its reliability, particular in criminal judgment. Under a well-control situation, brain-mapping can be well made use of.